Global Refrigerant Market Research Report 2021(Status and Outlook)
Refrigerant is a substance or mixture, usually a fluid,used in a heat pump and refrigeration cycle.In most cycles it undergoes phase transitions from a liquid to a gas and back again.
Bosson Research’s latest report provides a deep insight into the global Refrigerant market covering all its essential aspects. This ranges from macro overview of the market to micro details of the market size, competitive landscape ,development trend, niche market, key market drivers and challenges, SWOT analysis, Porter’s five forces analysis, value chain analysis, etc.
The analysis helps to shape the competition within the industries and strategies to the competitive environment in order to enhance the potential profit. Furthermore, it provides a simple framework for evaluating and accessing the position of the business organization. The report structure also focuses on the competitive landscape of Global Refrigerant Market.
In a word, this report is a must-read for industry players, investors, researchers, consultants, business strategists, and all those who have any kind of stake or are planning to foray into the Refrigerant market in any manner.
Global Refrigerant Market: Market Segmentation Analysis:
The research report includes specific segments by region (country), by manufacturers, by Type and by Application. Market segmentation creates subsets of a market based on product type, end user or application, Geographic, and other factor. By understanding the market segments, decision maker can leverage this targeting in product, sales, and marketing strategies. Market segments can power your product development cycles by informing how you create product offerings for different segments.
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By Company |
Type Segmentation |
|
l Chemours l Honeywell l Mexichem l Daikin l Arkema l Linde l Navin Fluorine International l GFL l Dongyue Group l Zhejiang Juhua l Meilan Chemical l Sanmei l 3F l Yuean Chemical l Ying Peng Chemical l Yonghe Refrigerant l Limin Chemicals l China Fluoro Technology |
l HCFC l HFC l HC l Other |
|
Application Segmentation |
|
|
l Air Condition l Automotive Air Conditioner l Refrigerator l Others |
|
|
|
Overview of the Regional Outlook of the Refrigerant Market:
|
Geographic Segmentation (M USD) |
2016 |
2020 |
2027 |
Share (2020) |
CAGR (2020-2027) |
|
|
North America |
USA |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
Canada |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Mexico |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Europe |
Germany |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
UK |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
France |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Russia |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Italy |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Rest of Europe |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Asia-Pacific |
China |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
Japan |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
South Korea |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
India |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Southeast Asia |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Rest of Asia-Pacific |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
South America |
Brazil |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
Argentina |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Columbia |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Rest of South America |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Middle East and Africa |
Saudi Arabia |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
UAE |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Egypt |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Nigeria |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
South Africa |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Rest of MEA |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
XX% |
|
|
Global |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX |
XX% |
|
Key Contents of This Report:
• Industry drivers, restraints, and opportunities covered in the study
• Neutral perspective on the market performance
• Recent industry trends and developments
• Competitive landscape & strategies of key players
• Potential & niche segments and regions exhibiting promising growth covered
• Historical, current, and projected market size, in terms of value
• In-depth analysis of the Refrigerant Market
• Overview of the regional outlook of the Refrigerant Market:
Key Reasons to Buy this Report:
• Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the market based on segmentation involving both economic as well as non-economic factors
• Provision of market value (USD Billion) data for each segment and sub-segment
• Indicates the region and segment that is expected to witness the fastest growth as well as to dominate the market
• Analysis by geography highlighting the consumption of the product/service in the region as well as indicating the factors that are affecting the market within each region
• Competitive landscape which incorporates the market ranking of the major players, along with new service/product launches, partnerships, business expansions, and acquisitions in the past five years of companies profiled
• Extensive company profiles comprising of company overview, company insights, product benchmarking, and SWOT analysis for the major market players
• The current as well as the future market outlook of the industry with respect to recent developments which involve growth opportunities and drivers as well as challenges and restraints of both emerging as well as developed regions
• Includes in-depth analysis of the market of various perspectives through Porter’s five forces analysis
• Provides insight into the market through Value Chain
• Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
• 6-month post-sales analyst support
Customization of the Report
In case of any queries or customization requirements, please connect with our sales team, who will ensure that your requirements are meet.
Table of Contents
1 Refrigerant Market Competitive Landscape
1.1 Global Refrigerant Sales by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
1.2 Global Refrigerant Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
1.3 Refrigerant Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
1.4 Global Refrigerant Average Price by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
1.5 Manufacturers Refrigerant Sales Sites, Area Served, Product Type
1.6 Refrigerant Market Competitive Situation and Trends
1.6.1 Refrigerant Market Concentration Rate
1.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Refrigerant Players Market Share by Revenue
1.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
2 Refrigerant Industry Chain Analysis
2.1 Refrigerant Industry Chain Analysis
2.2 Market Overview and Market Concentration Analysis of Key Raw Materials
2.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
3 The Development and Dynamics of Refrigerant Market
3.5.1 New Product Developments
3.5.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
4 Refrigerant Market Segmentation by Type
4.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
4.2 Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.3 Global Refrigerant Market Size Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
4.4 Global Refrigerant Price by Type (2016-2021)
5 Refrigerant Market Segmentation by Application
5.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
5.2 Global Refrigerant Market Sales by Application (2016-2021)
5.3 Global Refrigerant Market Size (M USD) by Application (2016-2021)
5.4 Global Refrigerant Sales Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
6 Refrigerant Market Segmentation by Region
6.1 Global Refrigerant Sales by Region
6.1.1 Global Refrigerant Sales by Region
6.1.2 Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Region
6.2.1 North America Refrigerant Sales by Country
6.3.1 Europe Refrigerant Sales by Country
6.4.1 Asia Pacific Refrigerant Sales by Region
6.6.1 Middle East and Africa Refrigerant Sales by Region
7.1.1 Chemours Refrigerant Basic Information
7.1.2 Chemours Refrigerant Product Overview
7.1.3 Chemours Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.1.4 Chemours Business Overview
7.1.5 Chemours Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
7.1.6 Chemours Recent Developments
7.2.1 Honeywell Refrigerant Basic Information
7.2.2 Honeywell Refrigerant Product Overview
7.2.3 Honeywell Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.2.4 Honeywell Business Overview
7.2.5 Honeywell Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
7.2.6 Honeywell Recent Developments
7.3.1 Mexichem Refrigerant Basic Information
7.3.2 Mexichem Refrigerant Product Overview
7.3.3 Mexichem Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.3.4 Mexichem Business Overview
7.3.5 Mexichem Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
7.3.6 Mexichem Recent Developments
7.4.1 Daikin Refrigerant Basic Information
7.4.2 Daikin Refrigerant Product Overview
7.4.3 Daikin Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.4.4 Daikin Business Overview
7.4.5 Daikin Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
7.4.6 Daikin Recent Developments
7.5.1 Arkema Refrigerant Basic Information
7.5.2 Arkema Refrigerant Product Overview
7.5.3 Arkema Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.5.6 Arkema Recent Developments
7.6.1 Linde Refrigerant Basic Information
7.6.2 Linde Refrigerant Product Overview
7.6.3 Linde Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.6.5 Linde Recent Developments
7.7 Navin Fluorine International
7.7.1 Navin Fluorine International Refrigerant Basic Information
7.7.2 Navin Fluorine International Refrigerant Product Overview
7.7.3 Navin Fluorine International Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.7.4 Navin Fluorine International Business Overview
7.7.5 Navin Fluorine International Recent Developments
7.8.1 GFL Refrigerant Basic Information
7.8.2 GFL Refrigerant Product Overview
7.8.3 GFL Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.9.1 Dongyue Group Refrigerant Basic Information
7.9.2 Dongyue Group Refrigerant Product Overview
7.9.3 Dongyue Group Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.9.4 Dongyue Group Business Overview
7.9.5 Dongyue Group Recent Developments
7.10.1 Zhejiang Juhua Refrigerant Basic Information
7.10.2 Zhejiang Juhua Refrigerant Product Overview
7.10.3 Zhejiang Juhua Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.10.4 Zhejiang Juhua Business Overview
7.10.5 Zhejiang Juhua Recent Developments
7.11.1 Meilan Chemical Refrigerant Basic Information
7.11.2 Meilan Chemical Refrigerant Product Overview
7.11.3 Meilan Chemical Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.11.4 Meilan Chemical Business Overview
7.11.5 Meilan Chemical Recent Developments
7.12.1 Sanmei Refrigerant Basic Information
7.12.2 Sanmei Refrigerant Product Overview
7.12.5 Sanmei Recent Developments
7.13.1 3F Refrigerant Basic Information
7.13.2 3F Refrigerant Product Overview
7.13.3 3F Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.14.1 Yuean Chemical Refrigerant Basic Information
7.14.2 Yuean Chemical Refrigerant Product Overview
7.14.3 Yuean Chemical Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.14.4 Yuean Chemical Business Overview
7.14.5 Yuean Chemical Recent Developments
7.15.1 Ying Peng Chemical Refrigerant Basic Information
7.15.2 Ying Peng Chemical Refrigerant Product Overview
7.15.3 Ying Peng Chemical Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.15.4 Ying Peng Chemical Business Overview
7.15.5 Ying Peng Chemical Recent Developments
7.16.1 Yonghe Refrigerant Refrigerant Basic Information
7.16.2 Yonghe Refrigerant Refrigerant Product Overview
7.16.3 Yonghe Refrigerant Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.16.4 Yonghe Refrigerant Business Overview
7.16.5 Yonghe Refrigerant Recent Developments
7.17.1 Limin Chemicals Refrigerant Basic Information
7.17.2 Limin Chemicals Refrigerant Product Overview
7.17.3 Limin Chemicals Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.17.4 Limin Chemicals Business Overview
7.17.5 Limin Chemicals Recent Developments
7.18.1 China Fluoro Technology Refrigerant Basic Information
7.18.2 China Fluoro Technology Refrigerant Product Overview
7.18.3 China Fluoro Technology Refrigerant Product Market Performance
7.18.4 China Fluoro Technology Business Overview
7.18.5 China Fluoro Technology Recent Developments
8 Refrigerant Market Forecast by Region
8.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
8.2.2 Europe Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Country
8.2.3 Asia Pacific Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Region
8.2.4 South America Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Country
8.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Consumption of Refrigerant by Country
9 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2022-2027)
9.1 Global Refrigerant Market Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
9.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Refrigerant by Type (2022-2027)
9.1.2 Global Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
9.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Refrigerant by Type (2022-2027)
9.2 Global Refrigerant Market Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
9.2.1 Global Refrigerant Sales (MT) Forecast by Application
9.2.2 Global Refrigerant Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
10 Conclusion and Key Findings
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Refrigerant Sales (MT) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 2. Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 3. Global Refrigerant Revenue (M USD) by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 4. Global Refrigerant Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Market Refrigerant Average Price (USD/KG) of Key Manufacturers (2016-2021)
Table 7. Manufacturers Refrigerant Sales Sites and Area Served
Table 8. Manufacturers Refrigerant Product Type
Table 9. Global Refrigerant Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 10. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 11. Industry Chain Map of Refrigerant
Table 13. Midstream Market Analysis
Table 14. Downstream Customer Analysis
Table 15. Key Development Trends
Table 17. Refrigerant Market Challenges
Table 19. Global Refrigerant Sales by Type (MT)
Table 20. Global Refrigerant Market Size by Type (M USD)
Table 21. Global Refrigerant Sales (MT) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 22. Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 23. Global Refrigerant Market Size (M USD) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 24. Global Refrigerant Market Size Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 25. Global Refrigerant Price (USD/KG) by Type (2016-2021)
Table 26. Global Refrigerant Sales (MT) by Application
Table 27. Global Refrigerant Market Size by Application
Table 28. Global Refrigerant Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (MT)
Table 29. Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 30. Global Refrigerant Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (M USD)
Table 31. Global Refrigerant Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 32. Global Refrigerant Sales Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Table 33. Global Refrigerant Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (MT)
Table 34. Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 35. North America Refrigerant Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (MT)
Table 36. Europe Refrigerant Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (MT)
Table 37. Asia Pacific Refrigerant Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (MT)
Table 38. South America Refrigerant Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (MT)
Table 39. Middle East and Africa Refrigerant Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (MT)
Table 40. Chemours Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 43. Chemours Business Overview
Table 44. Chemours Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
Table 45. Chemours Recent Developments
Table 46. Honeywell Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 47. Honeywell Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 49. Honeywell Business Overview
Table 50. Honeywell Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
Table 51. Honeywell Recent Developments
Table 52. Mexichem Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 53. Mexichem Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 55. Mexichem Business Overview
Table 56. Mexichem Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
Table 57. Mexichem Recent Developments
Table 58. Daikin Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 59. Daikin Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 61. Daikin Business Overview
Table 62. Daikin Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
Table 63. Daikin Recent Developments
Table 64. Arkema Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 65. Arkema Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 67. Arkema Business Overview
Table 68. Arkema Refrigerant SWOT Analysis
Table 69. Arkema Recent Developments
Table 70. Linde Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 71. Linde Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 73. Linde Business Overview
Table 74. Linde Recent Developments
Table 75. Navin Fluorine International Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 76. Navin Fluorine International Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 78. Navin Fluorine International Business Overview
Table 79. Navin Fluorine International Recent Developments
Table 80. GFL Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 81. GFL Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 83. GFL Business Overview
Table 86. Dongyue Group Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 88. Dongyue Group Business Overview
Table 89. Dongyue Group Recent Developments
Table 90. Zhejiang Juhua Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 91. Zhejiang Juhua Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 93. Zhejiang Juhua Business Overview
Table 94. Zhejiang Juhua Recent Developments
Table 95. Meilan Chemical Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 96. Meilan Chemical Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 98. Meilan Chemical Business Overview
Table 99. Meilan Chemical Recent Developments
Table 100. Sanmei Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 101. Sanmei Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 103. Sanmei Business Overview
Table 104. Sanmei Recent Developments
Table 105. 3F Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 106. 3F Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 108. 3F Business Overview
Table 109. 3F Recent Developments
Table 110. Yuean Chemical Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 111. Yuean Chemical Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 113. Yuean Chemical Business Overview
Table 114. Yuean Chemical Recent Developments
Table 115. Ying Peng Chemical Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 116. Ying Peng Chemical Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 118. Ying Peng Chemical Business Overview
Table 119. Ying Peng Chemical Recent Developments
Table 120. Yonghe Refrigerant Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 121. Yonghe Refrigerant Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 123. Yonghe Refrigerant Business Overview
Table 126. Limin Chemicals Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 128. Limin Chemicals Business Overview
Table 129. Limin Chemicals Recent Developments
Table 130. China Fluoro Technology Refrigerant Basic Information
Table 131. China Fluoro Technology Refrigerant Product Overview
Table 133. China Fluoro Technology Business Overview
Table 134. China Fluoro Technology Recent Developments
Table 135. Global Refrigerant Sales Forecast by Region (MT)
Table 136. Global Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Region (M USD)
Table 137. North America Refrigerant Sales Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (MT)
Table 138. North America Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (M USD)
Table 139. Europe Refrigerant Sales Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (MT)
Table 140. Europe Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (M USD)
Table 141. Asia Pacific Refrigerant Sales Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (MT)
Table 142. Asia Pacific Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Region (2022-2027) & (M USD)
Table 143. South America Refrigerant Sales Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (MT)
Table 144. South America Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (M USD)
Table 145. Middle East and Africa Refrigerant Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (Units)
Table 146. Middle East and Africa Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2027) & (M USD)
Table 147. Global Refrigerant Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (MT)
Table 148. Global Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (M USD)
Table 149. Global Refrigerant Price Forecast by Type (2022-2027) & (USD/KG)
Table 150. Global Refrigerant Sales (MT) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 151. Global Refrigerant Market Size Forecast by Application (2022-2027) & (M USD)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Refrigerant Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 2. Global Refrigerant Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 3. Refrigerant Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2016 VS 2020
Figure 4. Global Market Refrigerant Average Price (USD/KG) of Key Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 5. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Refrigerant Revenue in 2020
Figure 6. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 7. Global Refrigerant Market Share by Type
Figure 8. Sales Market Share of Refrigerant by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 9. Sales Market Share of Refrigerant by Type in 2020
Figure 10. Market Size Share of Refrigerant by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 11. Market Size Market Share of Refrigerant by Type in 2020
Figure 12. Global Refrigerant Market Share by Application
Figure 13. Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 14. Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 15. Global Refrigerant Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 16. Global Refrigerant Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 17. Global Refrigerant Sales Growth Rate by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 18. Global Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure 19. North America Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 20. North America Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 21. U.S. Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 22. Canada Refrigerant Sales (MT) and Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 23. Mexico Refrigerant Sales (Units) and Growth Rate (2016-2021)
Figure 24. Europe Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 25. Europe Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 26. Germany Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 27. France Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 28. U.K. Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 29. Italy Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 30. Russia Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 31. Asia Pacific Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (MT)
Figure 32. Asia Pacific Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 33. China Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 34. Japan Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 35. South Korea Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 36. India Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 37. Southeast Asia Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 38. South America Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (MT)
Figure 39. South America Refrigerant Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 40. Brazil Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 41. Argentina Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)
Figure 42. Columbia Refrigerant Sales and Growth Rate (2016-2021) & (MT)